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Modified gravity.

UKDMC Intranet

All the evidence for dark matter, both within and between galaxies, comes from its apparent observed gravitational effects. These effects could, in principle, be due instead to departures from the standard gravitational force at very large distances.

No alternative theory has been proposed which is consistent with observations on all distance scales; this doesn't mean that no such theory can exist.

Note that a non-zero "Cosmological Constant", L, cannot account for dark matter on the relatively small scale of a galaxy.